MOTION, VECTOR ALGEBRA
POINT MASS DYNAMICS
DYNAMICS OF SYSTEMS, ROTATING RIGID BODIES
CONCEPTS OF LIQUID STATICS AND DYNAMICS
THERMODYNAMICS: IDEAL GASES, FIRST AND SECOND PRINCIPLE
CONCEPTS OF ELECTROMAGNETISM
E. Hecht, Schaum's Outline of College Physics, Twelfth Edition
material provided by the instructor downloadable from the course moodle web page https://e-l.unifi.it/course/view.php?id=15857
Learning Objectives
Understanding of the fundamental phenomena and of the fundamental laws of physics at the macroscopic level: mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, waves.
Ability to deal with physics problems of simple mathematical solution, which imply full understanding of the concepts of: velocity, vector acceleration, force, power, energy, entropy, electrical resistance, electrical capacity, electromagnetic field. Ability to understand the mechanisms underlying modern measurement and diagnostic devices.
Prerequisites
College algebra and geometry.
Knowledge of mathematical analysis, derivation and integration, is not mandatory but strongly encouraged.
Motion in a plane. Vector definition. Operations between vectors: sum, external product, scalar product, vector product. Displacement vector. Composition of motions. Ballistic motion. Velocity vector. Uniform circular motion. Acceleration vector. Centripetal acceleration. General considerations on plane motion. Simple harmonic motion. Frequency and period of oscillation. Introduction to oscillatory and wave phenomena: frequency spectrum of electromagnetic waves.
DYNAMICS OF A SINGLE POINT MASS.
Principles of the dynamics for a point mass. Examples of application: weight, static and dynamic friction, simple harmonic oscillation (mass system connected to an ideal spring, notes on the damped harmonic oscillator). Forces dependent on the square of distance: Coulomb's law, universal gravitational law. Work. Conservation of mechanical energy. Dissipative effects. Resonance.
DYNAMICS OF SYSTEMS.
Center of mass. Center of mass motion theorem. Torque equation. Conservation of momentum and angular momentum. Rigid bodies. Rigid bodies bound to a fixed axis.
NON INERTIAL FRAMES OF REFERENCE
Accelerated frames of references. Example: Earth’s rotation. Centrifugal and Coriolis forces. Notes on mechanics of fluids.
THERMODYNAMICS.
Thermodynamic systems, example: perfect gas. Perfect gas law, temperature. First Principle of thermodynamics. Efficiency of a thermal engine, coefficient of performance of a cooling cycle, Second Principle of thermodynamics. Entropy. Principle of increase in entropy.
ELECTROMAGNETISM
Electric field. Simple circuits with resistance and capacitor. Lorentz force. Magnetic field. Electromagnetic induction. Conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. Electric motor, Brief introduction on electromagnetic waves.